# Perform an Account Funding Transaction

In an Account Funding Transaction (AFT) funds are pulled from one account to fund a non-merchant account. For example, to load a prepaid card, add funds to a wallet, or fund a person-to-person (P2P) money transfer.

> **Information**
>
> To enable AFTs, contact your account manager or [request support](https://dashboard.checkout.com/support/new?topic=case_account_management_and_access&issue=issue_account_changes).

> **Warning**
>
> Checkout.com enforces data integrity checks on all AFT requests. Payments that fail these checks are declined with a `422` status code. Review the [field validation requirements](#Field_validation_requirements) and update your integration accordingly.

---

## How it works

Card schemes may require different information about the recipient and the sender depending on the following:

- Operating region – Where the transaction is made
- Transaction category – Whether it's a domestic or cross-border transaction

---

## Field validation requirements

To comply with card scheme regulations, Checkout.com validates sender and recipient fields on all AFT requests. Payments that fail these checks are declined with a `422` status code.

### Sender and recipient names

The following rules apply to `sender.first_name`, `sender.last_name`, `recipient.first_name`, and `recipient.last_name`:

| Rule | Requirement |
| --- | --- |
| Alphabet | Must use the Latin alphabet. Standard accents are permitted (for example, é, ö, ø, ç). |
| Characters | Must not include special characters or numeric characters, including Chinese and Arabic numerals. |
| Spacing | Must not include double spaces, tabs, or other whitespace. |
| Emoji | Must not contain emoji characters. |
| Titles | Must not contain honorific titles (not case-sensitive), for example, MR, MRS, or MISS. |
| Disallowed values | Must not contain the following values (not case-sensitive):<br><br>- `CARD`<br>- `TECHNOBANK`<br>- `INSTANT`<br>- `VIRTUAL`<br>- `MY`<br>- `KDV`<br>- `GOLD`<br>- `VISA`<br>- `MONO`<br>- `VIZA`<br>- `PRIVATE`<br>- `Tester`<br>- `Unknown`<br>- `NA`<br>- `Test` |

### Sender and recipient address lines

The following rules apply to `sender.address.address_line1`, `sender.address.address_line2`, `recipient.address.address_line1`, and `recipient.address.address_line2`:

| Rule | Requirement |
| --- | --- |
| Alphabet | Must use the Latin alphabet. Standard accents are permitted (for example, é, ö, ø, ç). |
| Characters | Must not include special characters or Chinese and Arabic numerals. Western numeric characters (0–9) are permitted. |
| Spacing | Must not include double spaces, tabs, or other whitespace. |

### Sender and recipient city and state

The following rules apply to `sender.address.city`, `recipient.address.city`, `sender.address.state`, and `recipient.address.state`:

| Rule | Requirement |
| --- | --- |
| Alphabet | Must use the Latin alphabet. Standard accents are permitted (for example, é, ö, ø, ç). |
| Characters | Must not include special characters or numeric characters, including Chinese and Arabic numerals. |
| Spacing | Must not include double spaces, tabs, or other whitespace. |

### Prohibited countries

Payments are declined if `sender.address.country` or `recipient.address.country` contains any of the following country codes:

- `AF` – Afghanistan
- `BY` – Belarus
- `CU` – Cuba
- `IQ` – Iraq
- `IR` – Iran
- `KP` – North Korea
- `LY` – Libya
- `RU` – Russia
- `SD` – Sudan
- `SY` – Syria
- `VE` – Venezuela

---

## Perform a Visa AFT

To perform a Visa AFT, call the [Request a payment or payout](https://api-reference.checkout.com/tag/Payments/#operation/requestAPaymentOrPayout) endpoint.

> **Information**
>
> Your base URL's `{prefix}` value is unique to your account and environment. To learn how to retrieve your base URLs for the sandbox and production environments, see [API endpoints](https://www.checkout.com/docs/developer-resources/api/api-endpoints.md).

**Production**

`POST` `https://{prefix}.api.checkout.com/payments`

**Sandbox**

`POST` `https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments`

In the request body, provide the following:

| Field name | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `processing.aft`<br><br>`boolean` | Set to `true`. |
| `instruction.purpose`<br><br>`string` | The purpose of the payment.<br><br>This field is required if the card's `issuer_country` field is one of:<br><br>- `AR` – Argentina<br>- `BD` – Bangladesh<br>- `CL` – Chile<br>- `CO` – Colombia<br>- `EG` – Egypt<br>- `IN` – India<br>- `MX` – Mexico<br>- `SA` – Saudi Arabia<br><br>You must [retrieve the card metadata](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/manage-payments/retrieve-card-metadata.md) to view the `issuer_country`. |

Depending on the operating region, you must provide certain required data in the `recipient` and `sender` objects.

Checkout.com supports the following regions and transaction categories for Visa:

- Europe – Domestic
- Europe – Cross-border and intra-Europe
- APAC – Domestic
- APAC – Cross-border
- Canada – Domestic
- UAE – Domestic
- UAE – Cross-border
- USA – Domestic

> **Note**
>
> USA cross-border transactions for Visa are not supported.

### Europe – Domestic

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The sender data is optional. | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- International bank account number (IBAN)<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the primary account number (PAN)<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the PAN. |

### Europe – Cross-border and intra-Europe

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The following fields are required:<br><br>- `type`<br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state` – Only if the sender is in the United States (US) or Canada<br>- `address.country`<br>- `date_of_birth` | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the PAN.<br><br>#### Australia, New Zealand, or the South Pacific<br><br>If the recipient card was issued in Australia, New Zealand, or the South Pacific, you must provide `address.address_line1`. <br><br>You can omit this field if the recipient is an account, such as a digital wallet.<br><br>#### Canada<br><br>For recipients in Canada and funding cards issued in Canada, the following `address` fields are required:<br><br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` |

### APAC – Domestic

The recipient and the sender data is optional.

### APAC – Cross-border

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The following fields are required:<br><br>- `type`<br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`  – Only if the sender is in the US or Canada<br>- `address.country`<br>- `date_of_birth` | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the PAN.<br><br>#### Australia, New Zealand, or the South Pacific<br><br>If the recipient card was issued in Australia, New Zealand, or the South Pacific, you must provide `address.address_line1`. <br><br>You can omit this field if the recipient is an account, such as a digital wallet.<br><br>#### Canada<br><br>For recipients in Canada and funding cards issued in Canada, the following `address` fields are required:<br><br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` |

### Canada – Domestic

The recipient and the sender data is optional.

### UAE – Domestic

Recipient and the sender data is optional.

### UAE – Cross-border

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The following fields are required:<br><br>- `type`<br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state` – Only if the sender is in the US or Canada<br>- `address.country`<br>- `date_of_birth` | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the PAN.<br><br>#### Australia, New Zealand, or the South Pacific<br><br>If the recipient card was issued in Australia, New Zealand, or the South Pacific, you must provide `address.address_line1`. <br><br>You can omit this field if the recipient is an account, such as a digital wallet.<br><br>#### Canada<br><br>For recipients in Canada and funding cards issued in Canada, the following `address` fields are required:<br><br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` |

### USA – Domestic

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The following fields are required:<br><br>- `type`<br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` |

### Merchant-initiated transactions

You can use Visa AFTs to perform merchant-initiated transactions (MITs). For example, to enable your customers to add funds to their wallets on a recurring basis, or automatically based on pre-agreed balance thresholds.

**Recurring payments**

You can perform recurring payments as AFTs. For example, to enable customers to add funds to their wallets:

1. Perform an initial AFT to store the customer's card details. For requirements, see [Store card details during an initial recurring transaction](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/pay-with-stored-card-details/recurring-payments-with-stored-card-details.md#Store_the_card_details_during_the_initial_transaction). <br>
Ensure you provide `"payment_type": "Recurring"`.
2. Process any subsequent payments as AFTs. For requirements, see:
    - [Request a payment in a subsequent MIT](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/pay-with-stored-card-details/recurring-payments-with-stored-card-details.md#Request_a_payment_in_a_subsequent_MIT)
    - [Visa transaction ID requirements](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/pay-with-stored-card-details/recurring-payments-with-stored-card-details.md#Scheme_transaction_ID_requirements)

### Initial request example

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "token",
    "token": "tok_4gzeau5o2uqubbk6fufs3m7p54"
  },
  "amount": 6500,
  "currency": "GBP",
  "payment_type": "Recurring",
  "merchant_initiated": false,
  "3ds": {
    "enabled": true,
    "challenge_indicator": "challenge_requested_mandate"
  },
  "processing": {
    "aft": true
  },
  "recipient": {
    "first_name": "Ali",
    "last_name": "Farid",
    "account_number": "5555554444",
    "address": {
      "country": "GB"
    }
  },
  "sender": {
    "type": "individual",
    "first_name": "Jia",
    "last_name": "Tsang",
    "date_of_birth": "1990-01-01",
    "address": {
      "address_line1": "123 High St.",
      "city": "London",
      "country": "GB"
    }
  }
}
```

### Subsequent request example

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "card",
    "number": 4242424242424242,
    "expiry_month": 10,
    "expiry_year": 2026,
    "stored": true
  },
  "amount": 5000,
  "currency": "USD",
  "payment_type": "Recurring",
  "merchant_initiated": true,
  "previous_payment_id": "pay_paymentid",
  "processing": {
    "aft": true
    },
  "recipient": {
    "first_name": "Ali",
    "last_name": "Farid",
    "account_number": "5555554444",
    "address": {
      "country": "GB"
    }
  },
  "sender": {
    "type": "individual",
    "first_name": "Jia",
    "last_name": "Tsang",
    "date_of_birth": "1990-01-01",
    "address": {
      "address_line1": "123 High St.",
      "city": "London",
      "country": "GB"
    }
  }
}
```

**Unscheduled payments**

You can process unscheduled payments as AFTs. For example, to enable your customers to reload their wallets when their available balance falls below a certain threshold.

1. Perform an initial AFT to store the customer's card details. For requirements, see [Unscheduled payments with stored card details](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/pay-with-stored-card-details/unscheduled-payments-with-stored-card-details.md).
2. Process any subsequent payments as AFTs. For requirements see [Request an unscheduled payment](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/pay-with-stored-card-details/unscheduled-payments-with-stored-card-details.md#Request_an_unscheduled_payment).

### Initial request example

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "card",
    "number": 4242424242424242,
    "expiry_month": 10,
    "expiry_year": 2026
  },
  "amount": 0,
  "currency": "USD",
  "payment_type": "Unscheduled",
  "merchant_initiated": false,
  "3ds": {
    "enabled": true,
    "challenge_indicator": "challenge_requested_mandate"
  },
  "processing": {
    "aft": true
  },
  "recipient": {
    "first_name": "Ali",
    "last_name": "Farid",
    "account_number": "5555554444",
    "address": {
      "country": "GB"
    }
  },
  "sender": {
    "type": "individual",
    "first_name": "Jia",
    "last_name": "Tsang",
    "date_of_birth": "1990-01-01",
    "address": {
      "address_line1": "123 High St.",
      "city": "London",
      "country": "GB"
    }
  }
}
```

### Subsequent request example

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "card",
    "number": 4242424242424242,
    "expiry_month": 10,
    "expiry_year": 2026,
    "stored": true
  },
  "amount": 5000,
  "currency": "USD",
  "payment_type": "Unscheduled",
  "merchant_initiated": true,
  "previous_payment_id": "pay_paymentid",
  "processing": {
    "merchant_initiated_reason": "delayed_charge",
    "aft": true
  },
    "recipient": {
    "first_name": "Ali",
    "last_name": "Farid",
    "account_number": "5555554444",
    "address": {
      "country": "GB"
    }
  },
  "sender": {
    "type": "individual",
    "first_name": "Jia",
    "last_name": "Tsang",
    "date_of_birth": "1990-01-01",
    "address": {
      "address_line1": "123 High St.",
      "city": "London",
      "country": "GB"
    }
  }
}
```

---

## Perform a Mastercard AFT

To perform a Mastercard AFT, call the [Request a payment or payout](https://api-reference.checkout.com/tag/Payments/#operation/requestAPaymentOrPayout) endpoint.

> **Information**
>
> Your base URL's `{prefix}` value is unique to your account and environment. To learn how to retrieve your base URLs for the sandbox and production environments, see [API endpoints](https://www.checkout.com/docs/developer-resources/api/api-endpoints.md).

**Production**

`POST` `https://{prefix}.api.checkout.com/payments`

**Sandbox**

`POST` `https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments`

In the request body, set the `processing.aft` boolean to `true`.

Depending on the operating region, you must provide certain required data in the `recipient` and `sender` objects.

Checkout.com supports the following regions and transaction categories for Mastercard:

- Europe and APAC – Domestic
- Europe and APAC – Cross-border
- Canada – Domestic
- UAE – Domestic
- UAE – Cross-border
- USA – Domestic

> **Note**
>
> UAE and USA cross-border transactions for Mastercard are not supported.

### Europe and APAC – Domestic

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The sender data is optional. | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the following:<br><br>- PAN<br>- `address.country` |

### Europe and APAC – Cross-border

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The sender data is optional. | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the following:<br><br>- PAN<br>- `address.country` |

### Canada – Domestic

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The sender data is optional. | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br>- `address.country`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN |

### UAE – Domestic

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The sender data is optional. | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the following:<br><br>- PAN<br>- `address.country` |

### UAE – Cross-border

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The sender data is optional. | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the following:<br><br>- PAN<br>- `address.country` |

### USA – Domestic

| Sender data | Recipient data |
| --- | --- |
| The following fields are required:<br><br>- `type`<br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` | The following fields are required:<br><br>- `first_name`<br>- `last_name`<br>- `account_number`<br><br>#### Account<br><br>If you're funding an account, provide the recipient's account number. This can be one of:<br><br>- IBAN<br>- Phone number<br>- The first six digits and last four digits of the PAN<br><br>#### Card<br><br>If you're funding a card, provide the following:<br><br>- PAN<br>- `address.address_line1`<br>- `address.city`<br>- `address.state`<br>- `address.zip`<br>- `address.country` |

### Request example

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "token",
    "token": "tok_4gzeau5o2uqubbk6fufs3m7p54"
  },
  "amount": 6500,
  "currency": "GBP",
  "processing": {
    "aft": true
  },
  "recipient": {
    "first_name": "Ali",
    "last_name": "Farid",
    "account_number": "5555554444",
    "address": {
      "country": "GB"
    }
  },
  "sender": {
    "type": "individual",
    "first_name": "Jia",
    "last_name": "Tsang",
    "date_of_birth": "1990-01-01",
    "address": {
      "address_line1": "123 High St.",
      "city": "London",
      "country": "GB"
    }
  }
}
```

### Response example

```json
{
  "id": "pay_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4",
  "action_id": "act_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4",
  "amount": 6500,
  "currency": "GBP",
  "approved": true,
  "status": "Authorized",
  "auth_code": "770687",
  "eci": "05",
  "scheme_id": "638284745624527",
  "response_code": "10000",
  "response_summary": "Approved",
  "risk": {
    "flagged": false
  },
  "source": {
    "id": "src_nwd3m4in3hkuddfpjsaevunhdy",
    "type": "card",
    "expiry_month": 9,
    "expiry_year": 2022,
    "scheme": "Visa",
    "last4": "4242",
    "fingerprint": "F31828E2BDABAE63EB694903825CDD36041CC6ED461440B81415895855502832",
    "bin": "424242",
    "card_type": "CREDIT",
    "card_category": "CONSUMER",
    "issuer": "Test Bank",
    "issuer_country": "GB",
    "product_id": "A",
    "product_type": "Visa Traditional",
    "avs_check": "S",
    "cvv_check": ""
  },
  "customer": {
    "id": "cus_udst2tfldj6upmye2reztkmm4i"
  },
  "processing": {
    "acquirer_transaction_id": "708183248720806995996",
    "retrieval_reference_number": "471056794828",
    "merchant_category_code": "0742",
    "scheme_merchant_id": "502177",
    "aft": true
  },
  "processed_on": "2024-01-25T11:03:36Z",
  "reference": "ORD-5023-4E89",
  "_links": {
    "self": {
      "href": "https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments/pay_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4"
    },
    "actions": {
      "href": "https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments/pay_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4/actions"
    },
    "capture": {
      "href": "https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments/pay_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4/captures"
    },
    "void": {
      "href": "https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments/pay_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4/voids"
    }
  }
}
```

The `approved` boolean indicates if authorization was successful. A value of `true` indicates success.

If authorization failed, it may be because the payment used:

- An invalid card
- An expired card
- A valid card with an insufficient balance

If you receive a `202` response, the payment requires a redirect. For example, to perform [3D Secure (3DS)](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/authenticate-payments/3d-secure.md) authentication.

Potentially fraudulent authorization requests return `risk.flagged: true` to show that the payment has been flagged.

The possible values for the `status` field include:

- `Authorized`
- `Captured`
- `Card Verified`
- `Declined`
- `Pending` – For 3DS payments only

> **Information**
>
> For more information about the response, see:
>
> - [CVV codes and descriptions](https://www.checkout.com/docs/resources/codes/cvv-response-codes.md)
> - [AVS codes](https://www.checkout.com/docs/resources/codes/avs-codes.md)
> - [API response codes](https://www.checkout.com/docs/resources/codes/api-response-codes.md) (if the authorization failed)